What is the accuracy difference between Fixed and Float RTK?

Fixed RTK typically delivers ±8 mm horizontal and ±15 mm vertical accuracy. Float RTK carries ±300–1000 mm of positioning error depending on baseline length and atmospheric conditions.

Why does my RTK show Fixed but coordinates are still wrong?

Common causes are a datum mismatch (wrong coordinate system), an incorrect geoid model applied to elevation, or an antenna height entry error.

How do I know if multipath is affecting my survey?

Multipath typically shows as unstable repeated measurements — the same physical point measured three times gives results differing by 20–50 mm rather than the expected ±8 mm.

Can I survey during ionospheric storms?

RTK accuracy degrades during geomagnetic storms (Kp index above 5). For precision engineering or cadastral surveys, postpone sessions until the Kp index drops below 3.

What is the maximum reliable CORS baseline for centimetre accuracy?

Most CORS networks guarantee ±10–20 mm horizontal accuracy within 50 km of the nearest reference station. Beyond 70 km, deploy a self‑deployed base station within 15 km of the survey area.

What is LoRa

2025-12-04

What is lora

In the world of Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) positioning, the ability to transmit differential data over long distances is critical for many applications. Traditionally, radio communication has been the go-to method for RTK users to achieve accurate real-time corrections without relying on network coverage. However, conventional radios often have limitations in terms of transmission range and power consumption. As a result, RTK systems typically require an external power supply and an external radio module to extend the transmission range. Only a few devices on the market can guarantee reliable communication over distances as long as 8-15km using an internal radio. Our Apeks AP10 GNSS receiver can make it, which is equipped with a built-in LoRa module, providing exceptional performance in this regard.

So What is lora

LoRa (Long Range) is a low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) communication protocol designed to provide long-range wireless communication. Based on a unique modulation technique—Chirp Spread Spectrum (CSS)—LoRa offers advantages such as long-range transmission, low power consumption, and high interference immunity, making it widely used in various long-distance communication scenarios.In the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) industry, the application of LoRa is steadily increasing, especially in applications requiring low power consumption, high stability, and wide-area coverage. GNSS devices are typically used for positioning, tracking, and measurement functions; however, these devices often require long-range communication capabilities, and LoRa, with its long-range and low-power characteristics, is becoming an ideal choice for an increasing number of GNSS products.

Key Advantages of LoRa

1.Longer work Range

One of the standout features of LoRa technology is its ability to transmit data over long distances. A LoRa-based device can communicate over up to 15 kilometers in open areas. Even in urban environments with signal obstructions, such as tall buildings, correction data can still travel for up to 5 kilometers, depending on the environment and the specific power settings for the device.

2.Strong Anti-Interference Capability

LoRa is engineered to handle interference better than many other wireless technologies. It can tolerate signal interference of less than 20 dB and still maintain a stable connection. This is crucial in areas with multiple radio signals, such as urban centers or industrial zones, where traditional communication systems might struggle.

3.Ultra-Low Power Consumption

LoRa modulation scheme avoids narrowband dependency excessive retransmissions, and heavy redundant coding.As a result, LoRa radios operate with exceptionally low current draw, often below a few milliamps during reception and microamps in standby.This low energy requirement enables longer field operation without the need for external power supplies.

4.Superior Anti-Multipath Capability

Multipath effects—caused by reflections from buildings,vehicles, or natural obstacles—can distort wireless signals in cities or rugged terrain.LoRa wideband chirp characteristics maintain signal integrity even in environments where traditional radios struggle, keeping the communication link stable and continuous.

How LoRa Enhances the Apeks AP10

① Lower Power Usage

As a base station, AP10 allows adjustable transmission power levels.Users can fine-tune output power to match working conditions, ensuring minimum energy consumption while maintaining required coverage.

② Longer Field Operation

Thanks to LoRa’s efficiency and AP10’s hot-swappable high-capacity lithium batteries, the receiver can operate long time more without external power—ideal for long survey days in remote areas.

③ Extended Operating Range

Combined with its optimized UHF design, the AP10 can deliver differential corrections across distances up to 15 km in open areas—all with the internal radio alone.

④ Greater Stability in Complex Environmen

Whether working in forested regions, mountain valleys, lake surroundings, or dense urban corridors, the AP10 maintains a robust communication link and reliable RTK performance.